Simulation Modeling and Analysis of Operator-Machine Ratio

Introduction In recent years, labor cost in China is continu-ously and significantly increasing across industries.More and more companies, particularly semiconduc-tor companies, are taking strategies to cut labor costwithout impairing normal production. Operator-ma-chine ratio (OMR) denotes the maximum number oftools a laborer can operate. It is a measure of opera-tion efficiency of an operator and one of key factors toensure the competitiveness.The traditional static Excel model[1]involvin…     

基于Petri网的虚拟维修手部动素建模

针对虚拟维修仿真中手部动作仿真难度大、不容易控制的问题,提出基于Petri网手部维修动素模型,将虚拟维修手部动作根据维修操作封装为若干动素单元的组合,降低了仿真计算的难度,从而提高手部动作控制的精确性,以螺栓拆卸的手部动作建模过程为例进行验证。     

A parameterized consideration set model for airport choice: an application to the San Francisco Bay Area

Airport choice is an important air travel-related decision in multiple airport regions. This paper proposes the use of a probabilistic choice set multinomial logit (PCMNL) model for airport choice that generalizes the multinomial logit model used in all earlier airport choice studies. The paper discusses the properties of the PCMNL model, and applies it to examine airport choice of business travelers residing in the San Francisco Bay Area. Substantive policy implications of the results are discussed. Overall, the results indicate that it is important to analyze the choice (consideration) set formation of travelers. Failure to recognize consideration effects of air travelers can lead to biased model parameters, misleading evaluation of the effects of policy action, and a diminished data fit.     

简化的能力谱方法在桥梁结构中的应用

为研究简化的能力谱方法的计算精度,通过一座连续桥梁的实际算例,给出简化能力谱方法的具体应用过程。建立简化横向单墩计算模型,用SAP2000有限元程序对模型进行推导分析,得到能力谱曲线;将三条不同地震记录对应的反应谱曲线转化为ADRS格式的需求谱曲线,并与得到的能力谱曲线绘于同一坐标系下,两种曲线的交点即为结构在相应地震动下的弹性响应,继而求得结构相应的非弹性响应。用非线性时程分析方法对同一计算模型及三条地震动加速度纪录进行分析,与采用简化的能力谱方法下得到的计算结果进行比较,从中看出:简化的能力谱方法可以用较少的计算工作量得到比较精确的结构非线性响应;在该方法中采用 μ T关系式,会得到不同精度的计算结果。不同的Rμ     

梁体结构损伤识别的样条函数方法

针对样条函数方法在梁体结构分析中具有未知量少、求解规模小,精度较高等特点,在梁体结构参数识别过程中引入样条函数方法,避免了传统有限元方法带来的庞大刚度矩阵的负面影响,从而提高了识别过程的计算稳定性及计算效率。算例表明识别结果能够应用于结构损伤部位及程度的判别。     

Planktonic community structure and carbon cycling in the Arabian Sea as a result of monsoonal forcing: the application of a generic model

The Arabian Sea exhibits a complex pattern of biogeochemical and ecological dynamics, which vary both seasonally and spatially. These dynamics have been studied using a one-dimensional vertical hydrodynamic model coupled to a complex ecosystem model, simulating the annual cycle at three contrasting stations. These stations are characterised by seasonally upwelling, mixed-layer-deepening and a-seasonal oligotrophic conditions, respectively, and coincide with extensively measured stations on the two JGOFS ARABESQUE cruises in 1994. The model reproduces many spatial and temporal trends in production, biomass, physical and chemical properties, both qualitatively and quantitatively and so gives insight into the main mechanisms responsible for the biogeochemical and ecological complexity. Monsoonal systems are typified by classical food web dynamics, whilst intermonsoonal and oligotrophic systems are dominated by the microbial loop. The ecosystem model (ERSEM), developed for temperate regions, is found to be applicable to the Arabian Sea system with little reparameterisation. Differences in in-situ physical forcing are sufficient to recreate contrasting eutrophic and oligotrophic systems, although the lack of lateral terms are probably the greatest source of error in the model. Physics, nutrients, light and grazing are all shown to play a role in controlling production and community structure. Small-celled phytoplanktons are predicted to be dominant and sub-surface chlorophyll maxima are robust centers of production during intermonsoon periods. Analysis of carbon fluxes indicate that physically driven outgassing of CO₂ predominates in monsoonal upwelling systems but ecological activity may significantly moderate CO₂ outgassing in the Arabian Sea interior.     

基于不规则三角网的视相关细节层次网格化方法研究

多分辨率三角形网格表示对于实时渲染复杂的几何场景来说是一个重要的工具。本文对交互可视复杂的三角形网格提出了有效的视相关网格化的框架,介绍了涉及视锥、表面方向和屏幕投影误差的视相关网格化准则,给出了基于边的数据结构和构建元操作层次结构的方法,同时根据这些准则发展了渐进细化和简化网格的实时算法。提出的视相关网格化方法具有较高的时间效率。     

基于模糊神经网络的海浪中舰船多自由度运动建模方法研究

基于切片理论计算在诸规则波中的舰船多自由度运动响应，并以此为样本训练模糊神经网络，最终建立起一种新的舰船在随机波浪中的多自由度运动模型，并通过算例验证该方法的实用性和可靠性。     

Simulated responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading

A mathematical model was used to simulate monthly responses of the Gulf of Mexico hypoxia to variations in climate and anthropogenic nutrient loading over a 45-year period. We examined six hypothetical future scenarios that are based on observed and projected changes in the Mississippi River discharge, Mississippi River nitrate concentrations, and ambient water temperatures. In particular, we investigated the implications of a 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrogen flux, which was recently proposed by the Mississippi River Watershed/Gulf of Mexico Hypoxia Task Force as a measure to reduce the size of the hypoxic zone. Model simulations suggest that the frequency of hypoxia in the northern Gulf of Mexico is highly sensitive to variations in riverine nitrate flux, but also to variations in freshwater discharge and ambient water temperatures. A 30% decrease in the Mississippi River nitrate flux, for example, would reduce the frequency of hypoxia by 37%. Nevertheless, a 20% increase the Mississippi River discharge, which may occur under some climate change scenarios, would produce an increase in the frequency of hypoxia of the same magnitude. Thus, if the potential climatic variations are taken into account, a 30% decrease in the nitrogen flux of the Mississippi River may not be sufficient to accomplish the proposed hypoxia management goal.     

浮筏隔振装置的超单元建模方法

浮筏是一种集弹簧、阻尼器、刚体和弹性体为一体的混合动力学系统，对其建立合适的动力学模型存在困难，为此本文提出一种超单元建模方法。该方法首先在物理空间中对装置中弹性体的有限元模型进行降阶，并建立相应的超单元，然后与普通单元一样把它们直接组装到总体模型中。用该方法建立起来的动力学降价模型不仅在规模上远小于未降阶的有限元模型，而且能很好地保留原模型在中、低频段内的动态特性。数值示例表明，本文提出的超单元建模方法是一种有效的浮筏隔振装置建模方法。